-
Exploring the Components of Immunity
In immunology, understanding immunity means looking at its different parts, including innate and adaptive responses. Let’s start on a journey through the key players and processes that protect our bodies against germs. Innate Immunity: The First Line of Defence Barriers The body many layers of defence to fight off pathogens.. Mechanical barriers include intact skin Continue reading
-
Understanding the Hierarchy of Evidence
There are hundreds of thousands of new research being published every day. How do we know which one is good ? Sometimes there are many different articles exploring the same question, but giving opposite conclusions. So, How do we know which one to trust? It is obvious that not all evidence is of the same Continue reading
-
The Complete Guide to Types of Research for Medical Students
Entering the world of medicine involves more than just memorizing anatomy or pharmacology; it involves understanding how that knowledge is created. As a medical student, you will encounter various types of research throughout your career. Whether you are reading a textbook or analyzing a new drug trial, recognizing the origin of the data is crucial. Continue reading
-
AI Psychosis: How Chatbots May Fuel Delusional Thinking
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming modern psychiatry. While researchers use algorithms to diagnose mental health conditions with increasing accuracy, a darker phenomenon is emerging in clinical reports. Clinicians and researchers now describe AI Psychosis, a condition where intense interaction with generative AI triggers or amplifies delusional thinking [1]. As chatbots become more sophisticated, the Continue reading
-
Anorectal Malformations
Did you know that 1 in 5000 babies are born without an anus? This is called an anorectal malformation also known as imperforate anus. This is a congenital condition affecting approximately 1 in 5,000 infants. We will explore the embryological basis of the condition, its clinical presentation, diagnostic techniques, and the surgical management strategies. The Continue reading
-
The Science Of The Closed Loop Obstruction
When the bowel is obstructed in two adjacent places, it is known as a closed loop obstruction. In the case of a distal large bowel obstruction, if the ileocecal valve is competent, it creates a sealed loop. The mechanics of closed loop obstruction In any bowel obstruction, above the level of the obstruction, there is Continue reading
-
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis & Treatment
We’ve all had those days: forgetting the keys, misplacing the wallet. But have you ever forgotten the face of a loved one? Or the location of your home? That is the reality for patients living with Alzheimer’s Disease, which is the leading cause of dementia. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder composed of three main Continue reading
