Pre-Clinical Knowledge Base
A complete overview of our medical school topics. Click on each subject to expand or collapse its contents.
Anatomy
Musculoskeletal System
Upper Limb
- Clavicle
- Scapula
- Humerus
- Radius
- Ulna
- Carpal Bones
- Muscles of the Arm & Forearm
- Shoulder Joint
- Elbow Joint
- Wrist Joint
- Axillary Artery
- Brachial Artery
- Radial Artery
- Venous Drainage
- Brachial Plexus
- Axilla
- Spaces of the Shoulder
- Cubital Fossa
- Carpal Tunnel
- Anatomical Snuffbox
- Hand Muscles
- Scapular Anastomosis
- Cubital Anastomosis
- Ulnar Artery & Palmar Arches
- Plexus Branches (Axillary, Musculocutaneous, etc.)
- Lymphatic Drainage
Lower Limb
- Bones (Hip, Femur, Tibia, Fibula, etc.)
- Muscles (Gluteal, Thigh, Leg, Foot)
- Femoral Triangle
- Femoral Sheath
- Popliteal Fossa
- Hip Joint
- Knee Joint
- Ankle Joint
- Bursae
- Arches of the Foot
- Nerves (Lumbar & Sacral Plexus)
- Arterial Supply
- Venous & Lymphatic Drainage
- Posture & Gait
Back & Spine
- Vertebrae, Joints & Ligaments
- Muscles & Fascia of the Back
- Clinical Correlates
Thorax
- Skeletal Framework & Wall
- Diaphragm
- Respiratory Tract
- Mediastinum
- Great Vessels
- Heart & Pericardium
- Coronary Circulation
Head & Neck
- Cranial Nerves (I-XII)
- Skull, Scalp & Face
- Temporal & Infratemporal Regions
- Parotid & Submandibular Regions
- Ear, Eye & Nose
- Neck (Muscles, Triangles, etc.)
Neuroanatomy
- Meninges & Venous Sinuses
- Spinal Cord
- Brain Stem (Medulla, Pons, Midbrain)
- Cerebellum & Cerebrum
- Blood Supply of CNS
- Ventricular System & CSF
Abdomen & Pelvis
Gastrointestinal System
- Mouth, Pharynx, Oesophagus
- Abdominal Wall & Peritoneum
- Stomach, Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum
- Large Intestine, Rectum, Anal Canal
- Liver, Pancreas
Renal System
- Kidney
- Ureter
- Urinary Bladder
- Urethra
Reproductive System
- Male Reproductive Anatomy
- Female Reproductive Anatomy
Other Systems
- Endocrine Anatomy
- Blood & Lymphoid Organs
Biochemistry
Core Concepts
- Carbohydrates
- Glycolysis
- TCA Cycle
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Glycogenesis
- Glycogenolysis
- Gluconeogenesis
- Pentose Phosphate Pathway
- Metabolism of Other Sugars
- Lipids
- Proteins & Amino Acids
- DNA & RNA
Clinical & System Biochemistry
General & Cardiovascular
- Acid-Base Balance
- Hyperlipidemia
- Cardiac Markers
- Antioxidants
Renal
- Tests of Renal Function
- Urine Analysis
- Urine Electrolytes & Osmolality
Endocrine
- Hormones & Receptors
- Pancreatic Hormones & DM
- Thyroid & Iodine Metabolism
- Calcium/Phosphate Homeostasis
Blood Biochemistry
- Haemoglobin
- Haemoglobinopathies
- Haem Biosynthesis & Porphyrias
- Haem Degradation & Jaundice
- Types of Jaundice
- Iron Metabolism
- Plasma Proteins
- Paraproteins
- Immunoglobulins
Nutrition
- Vitamins & Minerals
- Energy & Protein Requirements
- Protein Energy Malnutrition
- Digestion & Absorption
- Alcohol & Xenobiotic Metabolism
Physiology
Foundation & Cellular
- Transport Across Cell Membrane
- Body Fluids
- Homeostasis
- Resting Membrane Potential
- Action Potential
- Muscle Physiology
Cardiovascular System
- Electrical Properties & ECG
- Cardiac Cycle & Output
- Hemodynamics & Blood Pressure
- CVS Regulation & Special Circulations
- Exercise, Shock & Heart Failure
Respiratory System
- Mechanics & Lung Volumes
- Blood Flow, Diffusion & Gas Transport
- V/Q Ratio & Regulation
- Special Conditions (Hypoxia, High Altitude, etc.)
Renal System
- Glomerular Filtration & Tubular Function
- Urine Concentration & Acidification
- Acid-Base Balance & Micturition
- Diuretics & Renal Failure
Neurophysiology
- Sleep, Consciousness & EEG
- Synapses & Neurotransmitters
- Sensory & Motor Systems
- Reflexes & Cord Injury
- Higher Functions (Memory, Language) & Special Senses
Other Systems
- Gastrointestinal Physiology
- Endocrine Physiology
- Reproductive Physiology
-
Blood Physiology
- Components of blood
- Anaemia
- Haemostasis
- Platelet
- Coagulation Pathway
- Anticoagulation
- Blood Groups and Transfusion
Histology
Foundation Histology
- Microscopy & Slide Interpretation
- Epithelial Tissue
- Glandular Tissue
- Connective Tissue
- Bones & Cartilage (Ossification)
- Staining (Eosinophilic vs Basophilic)
- Cell Structure & Function
- Cell Junctions
- Nerve Tissue
- Muscle Tissue
- Skin
System-Based Histology
Cardiovascular System
- Heart
- Vascular System Walls
- Arteries, Capillaries & Veins
Respiratory System
- Nasal Cavity & Trachea
- Bronchi & Bronchioles
- Alveoli & Blood-Air Barrier
Urinary System
- Kidney & Renal Corpuscle
- Glomerular Filtration Barrier & JGA
- Renal Tubule, Ureters & Bladder
Reproductive System
- Female (Ovary, Uterus, etc.)
- Male (Testis, Prostate, etc.)
Gastrointestinal System
- Basic Structure & Oral Cavity
- Esophagus & Stomach
- Small & Large Intestine
- Liver, Pancreas & Gallbladder
- Endocrine System
- Nervous System
Embryology
General Embryology
- Gametogenesis (Spermatogenesis & Oogenesis)
- First Week (Fertilization, Implantation)
- Second Week of Development
- Third Week (Gastrulation, Neurulation)
- Fetal Period (3rd Month to Birth)
- Placenta
- Limb & Vertebral Column Development
System-Based Embryology
- Head & Neck
- Nervous System
- Cardiovascular System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- Genital System
- Endocrine System
- Digestive System
- Musculoskeletal System